Serpentine plant MLO proteins as entry portals for powdery mildew fungi.

Plant MLO proteins: Conserved "disease susceptibility factors" for powdery mildew fungi

Antagonistic control of powdery mildew host cell entry by barley calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs).

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are known to play pivotal roles in intracellular signaling during abiotic and biotic stress responses. To unravel potential functions of CDPKs in the course of barley (Hordeum vulgare)-powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) interactions, we systematically analyzed the HvCDPK gene family. We found that, according to the existence of respective expressed sequ...

Key Components of Different Plant Defense Pathways Are Dispensable for Powdery Mildew Resistance of the Arabidopsis mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 Triple Mutant

Loss of function mutations of particular plant MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O (MLO) genes confer durable and broad-spectrum penetration resistance against powdery mildew fungi. Here, we combined genetic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to explore the defense mechanisms in the fully resistant Arabidopsis thaliana mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant. We found that this genotype unexpectedly overcome...

Genome-Wide Study of the Tomato SlMLO Gene Family and Its Functional Characterization in Response to the Powdery Mildew Fungus Oidium neolycopersici

The MLO (Mildew Locus O) gene family encodes plant-specific proteins containing seven transmembrane domains and likely acting in signal transduction in a calcium and calmodulin dependent manner. Some members of the MLO family are susceptibility factors toward fungi causing the powdery mildew disease. In tomato, for example, the loss-of-function of the MLO gene SlMLO1 leads to a particular form ...

Recruitment and interaction dynamics of plant penetration resistance components in a plasma membrane microdomain.

Many fungal pathogens must enter plant cells for successful colonization. Barley mildew resistance locus o (Mlo) is required for host cell invasion upon attack by the ascomycete powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, and encodes the founder of a family of heptahelical integral membrane proteins unique to plants. Recessively inherited loss-of-function mutant alleles (mlo) result ...